[{"id":"da-front-ai","kind":"section","name":"AI in dementia care","aka":[],"tldr":"Software can help read scans or organise notes. It is not a clinician and it is not a diagnosis.","summary":"AI tools should be validated for the population they are used on. A model trained on one clinic’s scans may not work in another.","asOf":"2026-09-21","links":[{"label":"NIA","url":"https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/alzheimers-and-dementia"}],"tags":["dementia-atlas"],"related":["da-tech-digital-cognition"],"cancers":[],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"order":10},{"id":"da-front-anti-amyloid","kind":"section","name":"Anti-amyloid treatment","aka":[],"tldr":"Antibodies that lower amyloid plaques in early symptomatic Alzheimer’s disease, with ARIA monitoring.","summary":"Lecanemab and donanemab are the current US-approved examples. They need amyloid confirmation, infusion capacity, and MRI. They are not indicated for vascular, Lewy body, or frontotemporal dementia as disease-modifying care.","asOf":"2026-09-21","links":[{"label":"FDA Leqembi","url":"https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-converts-novel-alzheimers-disease-treatment-traditional-approval"}],"tags":["dementia-atlas"],"related":["da-lecanemab","da-donanemab"],"cancers":[],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"order":5},{"id":"da-front-anti-tau","kind":"section","name":"Anti-tau research","aka":[],"tldr":"Tau is the tangle protein. Treatments that lower or block tau remain investigational.","summary":"Tau tracks clinical stage more closely than amyloid in many studies. Antisense and antibody programmes are in trials. None is an approved dementia treatment on this atlas.","asOf":"2026-09-21","links":[{"label":"ClinicalTrials.gov","url":"https://clinicaltrials.gov"}],"tags":["dementia-atlas"],"related":["da-tech-tau-therapeutics","da-target-tau"],"cancers":[],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"order":6},{"id":"da-front-care-delivery","kind":"section","name":"Care delivery","aka":[],"tldr":"Who coordinates care, how families get respite, and how clinics monitor antibodies are delivery problems, not only science problems.","summary":"Infusion chairs, MRI slots, carer training, and primary-care time decide whether a licensed medicine is actually usable.","asOf":"2026-09-21","links":[{"label":"NICE NG97","url":"https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng97"}],"tags":["dementia-atlas"],"related":[],"cancers":[],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":["da-bn-caregiver-load"],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"order":11},{"id":"da-front-digital-cognition","kind":"section","name":"Digital cognition","aka":[],"tldr":"Apps and remote tests can track change. They do not diagnose dementia on their own.","summary":"Supervised cognitive testing remains the clinical standard. Digital tools may extend follow-up if their limits are disclosed.","asOf":"2026-09-21","links":[{"label":"NIA","url":"https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/alzheimers-and-dementia"}],"tags":["dementia-atlas"],"related":["da-tech-digital-cognition"],"cancers":[],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"order":9},{"id":"da-front-fluid-biomarkers","kind":"section","name":"Fluid biomarkers","aka":[],"tldr":"Spinal-fluid and blood tests that can support an Alzheimer’s biology question.","summary":"Cerebrospinal fluid amyloid and tau are established in specialist clinics. Blood tests are moving fast and may triage who needs PET or lumbar puncture. They are not a diagnosis from a consumer kit.","asOf":"2026-09-21","links":[{"label":"NIA","url":"https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/alzheimers-and-dementia"}],"tags":["dementia-atlas"],"related":["da-tech-csf-biomarkers","da-tech-blood-biomarkers"],"cancers":[],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"order":2},{"id":"da-front-genetics","kind":"section","name":"Genetics","aka":[],"tldr":"Genes can change risk and, rarely, cause familial disease. ApoE ε4 also changes antibody-safety counselling.","summary":"Most dementia is not a single-gene disease. ApoE ε4 is a risk variant used in ARIA counselling, not a destiny. Autosomal-dominant Alzheimer’s disease and some FTD syndromes need genetics counselling, not a casual test.","asOf":"2026-09-21","links":[{"label":"NIA: Alzheimer’s genetics","url":"https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/alzheimers-causes-and-risk-factors/alzheimers-disease-genetics-fact-sheet"}],"tags":["dementia-atlas"],"related":["da-tech-apoe-testing"],"cancers":[],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"order":3},{"id":"da-front-imaging","kind":"section","name":"Imaging","aka":[],"tldr":"Scans that show brain structure and, in selected people, amyloid or other biology.","summary":"MRI looks at structure, stroke, and safety for antibodies (ARIA). Amyloid PET can support biological Alzheimer’s disease when the result will change care. Imaging is a question, not a default shopping list.","asOf":"2026-09-21","links":[{"label":"NIA: how is Alzheimer’s diagnosed","url":"https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/alzheimers-and-dementia"}],"tags":["dementia-atlas"],"related":["da-tech-amyloid-pet"],"cancers":[],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"order":1},{"id":"da-front-lifestyle-risk","kind":"section","name":"Lifestyle and risk","aka":[],"tldr":"Hearing, blood pressure, smoking, sleep, and movement are part of brain-health care. They are not a substitute for diagnosis.","summary":"Risk reduction is population advice plus individual clinical care. Vascular dementia care overlaps this front. No lifestyle programme is an approved disease-modifying Alzheimer’s treatment.","asOf":"2026-09-21","links":[{"label":"NIA: healthy aging","url":"https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/alzheimers-and-dementia"}],"tags":["dementia-atlas"],"related":[],"cancers":[],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"order":8},{"id":"da-front-neuroinflammation","kind":"section","name":"Neuroinflammation","aka":[],"tldr":"Immune activity in the brain is a research front, not a licensed dementia cure.","summary":"Microglial and complement pathways are active research targets. Inflammation also means looking for infection, delirium, and medicines that worsen confusion in the clinic.","asOf":"2026-09-21","links":[{"label":"NIA","url":"https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/alzheimers-and-dementia"}],"tags":["dementia-atlas"],"related":[],"cancers":[],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"order":7},{"id":"da-front-symptomatic-care","kind":"section","name":"Symptomatic care","aka":[],"tldr":"Medicines and non-drug support aimed at symptoms, not at reversing the disease.","summary":"Cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine can help some people. Communication, routine, pain, sleep, and carer support often move quality of life more than a pill.","asOf":"2026-09-21","links":[{"label":"NICE NG97","url":"https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng97"}],"tags":["dementia-atlas"],"related":["da-tech-cholinesterase-inhibitors"],"cancers":[],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"order":4}]